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Juan Roque (Zape Confraternity)
Juan Roque was an African living in colonial Mexico City. He died in 1623, leaving behind one of very few wills and testaments of African residents of Colonial Latin America. His daughter Ana María, and the confraternity to which he belonged in the hospital of the ''Limpia Concepción'', also left behind documents describing a court battle which detail the final requests made by Juan Roque concerning a house “in the neighborhood of San Hipólito in the lane next to the College of San Juan where it meets the open air market of San Hipólito, bordering the houses of the marshals and those of Don Ángel de Villasaña.”〔"Juan Roque's Donation," in Kathryn Joy McKnight, ''Afro-Latino Voices'', (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2009), 89.〕
== Africans in New Spain ==
Africans played a notable role in the Spanish Conquest. As the Spanish and Portuguese control in colonial Latin America spread, Africans were stereotyped as slaves. However, there were exceptions. Africans and mulattos played active roles in the early 16th century, acting as conquistadors. Juan Garrido, Juan García, and Juan Valiente were all successful conquistadors, who became part of the Spanish communities as the conquest was completed.
By the 17th century, Africans lived in colonial Latin America, with distinctive organizations and communities that blended African culture with the laws and social expectations of the Spaniards. In New Spain, Africans, who originated from modern day coastal Sierra Leone, founded a brotherhood in Mexico City,〔Mario Austin Nesvig, ed., Local Religion in Colonial Mexico, (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 2006), 219.〕
which became the ''Zape'' Confraternity. Documents describe how Africans rose from slavery to become influential members of the community.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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